Bogdan Bonchev, Radoslav Chipilski, Zlatina Uhr and Teodora Angelova
Agricultural Academy, Institute of Plant Genetic Resources “Konstantin Malkov”, 4122, Sadovo, Bulgaria
Bonchev, B., Chipilski, R., Uhr, Z. & Angelova, T. (2025). Characteristics of triticale breeding lines and cultivars from IPGR Genebank in Sadovo. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 31(6), 1126–1136
The study of breeding lines and cultivars of triticale was conducted between the 2019/2020 and 2022/2023 growing periods in an experimental field in Sadovo, Bulgaria. The most significant overall estimated positive indirect effect on yield is associated with the number of grains per spike, derived from the weight of grains per spike. The weight of grains per spike had the most significant positive correlation with grain yield. A negative correlation is confirmed between wet gluten content and crude protein with grain yield and spike-related traits. Wet gluten content and protein content had a positive correlation with thousand kernel weight. The standard cultivar Kolorit and breeding lines TC 295 and BGR 30816 had a high value of chlorophyll content index and grain yield. The investigated breeding lines and cultivars from the IPGR genebank have lower stems than the cultivar Rakita. An increase in harvest index in breeding line TC 295 and cultivar AD 7291 is associated with high grain yield. Breeding line BGR 26787 has a high chlorophyll content index, crude protein, and wet gluten content. However, this line occurs in the opposite interaction between technological characteristics and low grain yield, for breeding high-grain-yield triticale from investigated lines and cultivars in the IPGR genbank in Sadovo. A delicate balance between plant height, harvest index, and spike-related traits is necessary.